Code Mixing and Code Switching between Amharic and Awngi: Impacts on the Awngi Language

Abstract

The coexistence of different communities in Awi Zone results in mixing and switching codes from the surrounding language, adapting their communication to cultural and linguistic influences and social contexts. The primary aim of this study was to explore the nature of code mixing and code switching from Amharic to Awngi and its influence on the indigenous language, Awngi, in the Awi Zone of Ethiopia. To achieve this goal, a qualitative research design was employed. Twelve respondents from the educational bureau, cultural and tourism bureau, and public schools were selected purposively. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Thematic data analysis was employed. The results demonstrated that code mixing and switching stem from social factors such as border proximity, marriage, religious practices, and trade activities. The research also highlighted that Awngi speakers blend and switch between Amharic and Awngi at the phonetic level, i.e., Amharic (ጥይት) to Awngi (ትይቶ), and word level Amharic (ትምህርት) to Awngi (ክንቲ). This practice of code mixing and switching has both positive (relationship formation, linguistic enrichment, cultural exchange, increased adaptability, and enhanced social connections) and negative (attitudinal changes and a decline of the indigenous language) effects. Consequently, it can be concluded that various aspects of Awngi have been influenced by the Amharic language, particularly its morphology. Finally, recommendations for future researchers, language experts, and language users have been suggested.